Brake mechanism



March 5, 1946. H. J.,BUTLER BRAKE MECHANISM Filed May 23, 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 March 5,1946. H. .J. BUTLER 2,396,153

BRAKE MECHANISM Filed May 23, 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 5,1946. J. BUTLER 2,396,153

BRAKE MECHANISM I Filed May 23, 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 I'IOIOIOIOIIIOIIIO March 5, 1946.. H. J. BUTLER BRAKE MECHANISM Fi led May 25, 1944 4 Sheets Sheet 4 4 w 4 5 w @Qw W M UNITE-o STATE Patented Mar. 5. 1946 s P TENT OFFICE BRAKE MECHANISM I Henry James Butler, Sutton Coldfield, England, assignor to Duniop Rubber Company Limited, London, England, a British company Application May 23, 1944, Serial No. 537,012 In Great Britain April 6, 194.3

8 Claims. (Cl. 188-102) My invention relates to improvements in or concerning apparatus for absorbing or transmitting power exemplified hitherto in frictional.

brake units and clutches of'the rotary type.

The invention has for its object to utilise in being so located that said resilient and said nonyielding projections are relatively. displaceable into and out oi a zone of operative contact, and

the said projections being so disposed that the non-yielding projections when in the zone of operative contact deform and release successive resilient projections whenrelative motion takes place.

In order that the invention may be more clearly understood and readily carried into practical eflectreierence is made, in further describing the same; to the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a side-elevation oi braking apparatus constructed in accordance with the invention.

the other member having non-yielding projections movable into the path 01' the flexible and resilient projections.

The members are located for relative displacement on a common axis, for example, by move Fig. 2 is a part sectional view on the line 2- -2 of Fig; 1.

Fig. 3is a part sectional view. 01' a modified form oi braking apparatus constructed in accordance with the. invention.

- Fig. 4 is a part sectional end view on the line 4-4 of Fig.3.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic sectional plan view showing an assembly of rotary power transmitting apparatus in accordance with the. invention.

Fig. 6 is a part side view of one of the rotary members shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 la s part side view of the other rotary member shown in Fig. 6.

ing the yielding projections.

ment of one member towards the other, from an inoperative position in which the respective projections are out of mesh with one another to an operative position in which the resilient and the non yielding projections enter a mutual zone of operative contact in which the projections se-' cured to the respective members are in mesh with one another over a portion or the whole of their surfaces. 1

In Figs. 1 and 2 is shown wheel brake apparatus suitable ior aircraft landing wheels in which the rotatable member consists of a wheel and pneumatic tyre l of which at least one side wallis moulded with radially extending ribs composed of a series of resilient projections of which the individual units 3 project in opposite radial directions at circumferential intervals from a plurality of ribs Ii oi'resilient material concentric with the rotatable member I and extending circumierentially thereof.

As shown in Fig. 1 both the resilient projections 3 and the non-yielding projections 4 are of radially elongated form and disposed on parallel radial axes, the teeth oi the non-yielding projec-l tions 4 being positioned as shown in Fig. 2 in register with the grooves between the ribs 5 connect-- As shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the non-yielding projections'l are radially secured to the diametrically opposite ends of a non-rotatable member I in the form of a resilient. web or plate which is attached at its centre to-- an oleo leg or other wheel supporting structure 4. The non-yielding projections 4 may be braced together by ties 4n. I

Remotely operable power operated means 'comprising, for example, a pair oi'cylinders I and pistons l are carried by the wheel supporting structure ,0.- the piston rods 9 being-plvotally connected to the non-yielding projections whereby Figs. 8 to 15 are diagrammatic representations oi alternative forms of yielding and non-yielding projections for use in accordance'with the invention.

As shown in the accompanying drawings the invention is conveniently embodied in brake or clutch apparatus comprising two relatively rotatable members one member having integral therewith or secured thereto flexible projections oi re.-

. mesh with the flexible projections to a depth siillent material suchas rubber or thelike, and 55 on admitting fluid under pressure to the cylinders the resilient plate 2 is deflected and the non-yielding projections attached thereto carried in a direction parallel to the wheel I into which may be limited by the travel permitted tothe pistons;

The natural resiliency of such plate serves to restore and maintain the normal separation of the non-yielding and flexible projections in the inoperative position shown, and its depth 0! web and movable axially relative to. the other. The

- 23 secured thereto into operativ contact with the tween the ribs 29 which connect the flexible pro- 1 In Figs. 3 and 4 the invention is illustrated in its application to a wheel of the type having a tyre mounted directly on a hubshell having internal braking mechanism the apparatus in thiscasecomprising essentially two cylindrical memhere one concentrically disposed within the other two cylindrical members consist of an outer member ll supported and sealed at opposite ends by --.rigid end-plates .ll rotatably positioned on a wheel s pporting shaft or like structure i2 by bearings at It}. The inner cylindrical member at its centre to the external face of a ring I1 displaceable axiallyof the hubshell in an annular chamber l8, said ring having on its internal face p a gasket l9 adapted to expand into sealing contact with the walls of the chamber It on the introductionthereto of fluid under pressure through the inlet connection 20 and channel I 8. The lesser .30

diameter surface of the outer member III i pro-.

vided at circumferential intervals with axially extending rows of non-yieldingprojections 22, the

adjacent projections in each of such rows being spaced axially apart to permit the passage therebetween of resilient projections 23 similarly spaced apart and secured'to the greater diameter surface of the non-rotatablemember IL.

Liquid lubricant may be introduced into the intercommunicating spaces formed respectively between the cylindrical members It and I4, the rigid and resilient end-plates II and It at one end' of the hubshell, and the rigid end-plate II and disc It at the opposite end of the hubshell. The lubricant introduced may be suflicient to maintain a level substantially as indicated by dotted lines 24 during rotation of the wheel.

In operation the projections carried by the respective cylindrical members are normally positioned by the resilient end-plates II in'the inoperative position shown. On introducing fluid under pressure into the chamber I! the disc I i is moved axially thus displacing the cylindrical member i4 and carrying the resilient projections non-yielding projections l4 secured to the outer cylindricalmember l0.

In Figs. 5 to 7 the invention is shown inits application to rotary power transmission in the form of apparatus comprising a pair of coaxial annular members and 26 one member, for examj ple, the member 25 having secured thereto an annular band of flexible projections 21 of the kind hereinbefore described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2, and the member 25 having at circumferential intervals radial rows of non-yielding projections 28 disposed to register with the grpoves bejections together. On one of th members 25 or 28 being moved axially towards the other the non-. yielding projections 28 deform andirelease' successive projections 26 of resilient material when only partly within the zone of operative contact and relative rotation takes place between the I members. When the zone of contact is increased in adapted to absorb the torque transmitted thereto when deflected to the operative position.

-members having various forms of flexible and non-yielding projections secured thereto. In Fig.

. 8 is shown a fragmentary plan view, and in Fig. 9

a sectional view on the line 8-! of Fig. 8 wherein two members 30 and II are movable relative to 1 one another lengthwise of the line 0-4 said members having non-yielding projections 32 and flexible projections 33 secured alternately to their opposed faces at an angle to the line 9-4.

Fig. 10 is afragmentary sectional view of two relatively movable members It and 36, and Fig. 11 is a section on the line H-l i of Fig. 10. In these two flgures a-member 34 composed of rubber or like, resilient material moulded with continuous ribs 38 having side wall projections 31 Fig. 11 disposed to form narrow gaps 38 at which the resilient material is laterall compressed on movement of. the member in the direction of the arrows E- relative to the drag applying member 35 carrying non-yielding projections 39.

Fig. 12 is a part plan view of two relatively movable member 40 and 4|, and Fig. 13 is a sectional view thereof on the line lt-it of Fig. 12. In these two figures is-shown a member 40 having secured thereto flexible columnar projections 42- of resilient material movable in the directicn of the arrow 1'. relative to stationary drag-applying members II which may be secured to a common back-plate, not shown.

Fig. 14 is a fragmentar sectional view of two relatively movable members 43 and 44 and Fig. 15

is a section on the line lB-l I of Fig. 14. In these two figures the member 43 is movable in the direction of the arrow G relative to the member 44. The member 43 has secured thereto nonyielding projections 45 and the member 44 is formed with non-yielding ribs 48 recessed at intervals to accommodate resilient elements'proiecting therefrom in the form of superposed spring 41. The free ends of the springs 41 are bent towards one another toprovide a series of resilient projections subjected to deformation and release by each of the non-yielding projections 45 carried by the member.

Having described my invention what I claim 1. Apparatus for absorbing or transmitting power comprising a pair of relatively rotatable members, one of said menibers'having spaced concentric ribs-of resilient material and flexible projections projecting from said ribs into the .tatable members one of said members having concentric ribs of yieldable material and yield-" able projections extending sidewise from said ribs and the other of said members having concentric rows of non-yielding projections movable to engage said yieldable projections whereby the flexible and non-yielding projections may .beprogr'essively engaged.v j

3. The apparatus of claim 2 having means to move said non-yielding projections into part com- -tions being arranged in rows tact with said yieldableprojections to permit isative rotation and further into complete engagement to eliminate slippage between said members.

4. A wheel and brake which comprises a pneu-.

matic tire having concentric spaced ribs on one side wall and resilient projections from said ribs into the spaces between said ribs, said projectransversely of said ribs, a braking plate concentrically mounted relative to said wheel and held stationary, said braking plate having rows of non-yielding projections extending toward said ribs and projections of said wheel and fluid operated means to move said projections oi said plate progressively into engagement with the projections of said tire.

those 01 said first mentioned member and means to move one of said members relatively to the other to engage the projections-oi 0nd member with those of the other member progressively.

6-. Apparatus for absorbing or transmitting power comprising an outercylinder having circumierentially spaced rows of projections extending from its inner surface toward the axis 0! said cylinder, an inner cylinder co-axial with said outer cylinder and having projections extending from its outer surface into the spaces between the rows-oi said outer cylinder, the proiections 5. Apparatus for absorbing or transmittin I Mat least one of said cylinders being yieldable, one] of said cylinders being movable axially relatively to the other to bring their respective projections progressively into and out of engagement. 1

7. Apparatus for absorbing or transmitting power, comprising a pair of relatively rotatable members, one of said members having spaced rows of spaced resilient projections, said rows each being concentric with the axis of rotation of said members, and the second member-having spaced rows of spaced members each row being concentric with-'the axis of rotation of said members and betweensaid rows of resilient projections of said first-member, said members being movable to bring the projections of one member progressively into engagement to cause deformation of said resilient projections the spacing and dimensions of said projections being suiiicient to enable the projections 01 one member to interlock with those of the other in fully engaged position.

8. Apparatus for absorbing power which comprises a pneumatic rubber tyre having spaced concentric ribs extending sidewise from and concentric with a side wall or said tyre and having projections extending from said ribs into spaces between said ribs, said ribs and said extensions being or flexible resilient rubber composition, and a non-rotatable plate spaced axially from said ribs and projections of said tyre wall andhaving projections extending toward the spaces betweenthe ribs 0! said tyre wall and movable toward said tyre to engage progressively with the projections from the ribs of said tyre wall.

I HENRY JAMES BUTLER. 

